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Section 1.2 Terminology and notation

linear equation
an equation that is (or can be rearranged to be) of the form
number times variable plus number times variable plus  equals number
system of linear equations
a (finite) collection of linear equations

Note 1.2.1.

We will often just say system of equations to mean a system of linear equations.
(specific) solution
a set of values that, when substituted in for the variables of a system of equations, satisfy all of the equations in the system simultaneously
solution set
the collection of all possible solutions to a system of equations
consistent system
a system of equations with at least one solution
inconsistent system
a system of equations with no solution
parametric equations
a collection of formulas, based on one or more parameters, for the variables in a linear system that represent all possible solutions to the system (as the parameters vary over all real numbers)
matrix
a rectangular array of numbers
augmented matrix
a matrix of the coefficients and constants in a linear system
matrix entry
one of the numbers in a matrix; sometimes also referred to as a matrix coefficient
row
a horizontal line of entries in a matrix
column
a vertical line of entries in a matrix
elementary row operations
three basic operations that can be applied to an augmented matrix without changing the set of solutions to the corresponding linear system:
  1. swap the positions of two rows,
  2. multiply a row by a nonzero constant, and
  3. add a multiple of one row to another.