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Section 7.2 Terminology and notation

scalar matrix

a square matrix that is equal to a scalar multiple of the identity matrix

diagonal matrix

a square matrix where all entries that are not on the main diagonal are equal to zero

upper triangular matrix

a square matrix where all entries that are below the main diagonal are equal to zero

lower triangular matrix

a square matrix where all entries that are above the main diagonal are equal to zero

symmetric matrix

a square matrix that is equal to its own transpose