Purves, Grant. Humanitarian Immigration and Canadian Immigration Policy. Canada. Library of Parliament. Research Branch Ottawa: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1994.

There are many issues connected with the Canadian refugee policy. The focal point of this study is the historically close association of an essentially humanitarian concern, the treatment and resettlement of those who cannot return to their homelands for one reason or another, with a basically self-interested or pragmatic concern, immigration policy. (Copyright 1994, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Quebec Ministre des Communautis culturelles et de l'immigration du Quebec. La sante, les services sociaux et la securite sociale au Quebec. Montreal: Minist6re des Affaires sociales du Quebec, 1982.

Shearer, Renate. A Review of Immigrant and Ethnic Services in Vancouver. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1989.

"The review of immigration and ethnic services in Vancouver had two objectives. It undertook to establish and inventory of existing services and it also hoped to increase understanding of the needs, issues and opportunities currently confronting ethnic and immigrant communities and the agencies that minister to them. The review provides a basis for program planning that can meet both current and future needs. (adapted from Shiel and Beaujot, 1996)

Smith, W. Tibetan Refugees: A Second Life in a New Land. Working Paper. Ottawa: Manpower and Immigration Canada, 1976.

Status of Women Canada. Gendering Immigration/Integration: Policy Research Workshop Proceedings and a Selective Review of Policy Research Literature, 1987-96: Report from the First National Conference Responding to Diversity in the Metropolis: Building an Inclusive Research Agenda. National Conference on Immigration. Gender Immigration/Integration Policy Research Workshop, Edmonton, Alberta, 1998.

This document presents policy research workshop proceedings and a selective review of policy research literature 1987-1996. Topics covered are: proceedings from the gendering; and, a selective review of policy research literature 1987-1996.

Stranks, Robert T. Environmental refugees? Ottawa: Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 1997.

This paper focuses on an understanding of what is meant by the term 'environmental refugee. Issues considered include the need to redefine the internationally agreed definition of a refugee to take into account a class of so-called environmental refugees; means of identifying environmental refugees as opposed to conventional refugees or environmental migrants; categories of events that may produce environmental refugees, including natural disasters, human induced environmental change, and military-political upheavals; and conditions that need to be met to be granted environmental refugee status. (Copyright 1997, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Swan, Neil et al. Economic and Social Impacts of Immigration. Ottawa: Economic Council of Canada, 1991.

Analyzes the economic and social aspects of immigration in Canada. Provides a wealth of statistical data on immigration and Canada's demographic development. Presents a short history of immigration and its impact on Canada's economic development. Discusses the effects of immigration on the economic welfare of Canada. Explores the potential effects of immigration on the tax burden and on unemployment. Examines the economic performance of immigrants and the characteristics of the immigrant population. Provides a sketch of the diversity and multiculturalism in Canada, the degree of prejudice and tolerance toward immigrants, and the status of refugees. Concludes with a discussion of policy recommendations. (Copyright 1992, Sociological Abstracts, all rights reserved).

Tebeje, Ainalem. Cultural Interaction of Canadian and Ethiopian Newcomers in Canada. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1989.

Thompson, Judy. Host Program for Refugee Settlement Pilot Projects: Summary Report. Population Working Paper. Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada, 1988.

Tienhaara, Nancy. Canadian Views on Immigration and Population: An Analysis of Post- War Gallup Polls. Ottawa: Information Canada, 1974.

The Gallup Polls of the post-Second World War period demonstrate that although there was a narrow margin of support for the idea that Canada needed immigrants in 1947, the majority of Canadians since 1952, at least, have believed that Canada does not need immigrants. Today, as in 1952, the Gallup Polls show that only about one-third of Canadians think that Canada needs immigrants, while more than half are opposed, and the remainder are undecided (adapted from author's introduction).

Toronto Board of Education. Sometimes I Think about My Childhood. Toronto: Toronto Board of Education, Language Study Centre, 1983.

Stories from English as a Second Language/Dialect students reflecting their experiences with their families, life in their birth country, schooling, life in refugee camps in Thailand, escape from Vietnam, arrival in Canada, food, friendship, and dreams. (Copyright 1992, Sociological Abstracts, all rights reserved).

Toronto Board of Education. ESL/D Work Group. Final report of the work group on English as a second language dialect Toronto: The Group, 1988.

The Work Group's mandate was to address Toronto Board of Education issues arising from changing immigration patterns and the arrival of significant numbers of refugees. This report explores who ESL/D English as a Second Language/Dialect) students are, the reception of these students in the Toronto school system, ESL/D programs and staffing, in-service programs, government responsibilities, communications, program implementation and review, and refugee concerns. The conclusions emphasize the complexity of the issues and include recommendations. The report also includes a chart showing the ESL/D statistical information available. The appendix contains a psychiatrist's report on the experiences and difficulties of refugee families and their children, reflecting the Latin American experience. (Copyright American Economic Association 1997; all rights reserved).

Toronto Ministry of Health. Immigrant, Refugee and Racial Minority Women and Health Care Needs : Report of Community Consultations Toronto: Ministry of Health, Women's Health Bureau, 1993.

Describes and presents findings of a community consultative process carried out to identify strategies that will address the health access issues faced by immigrant, refugee, and racial minority women in Ontario. Consultations were conducted across the six health regions of the province, involved over 250 women, and included health system clients, health care practitioners, and other front-line health and social service workers. In the consultation discussions, participants focused mainly on the fundamental mismatch and tension between the beliefs, expectations, and behaviours of Western-trained health care professionals and those of patients from other diverse backgrounds whose cultural identities often strongly influence their perceptions and feelings about health and illness. Issues discussed include language barriers, cultural insensitivity, mental health problems, and community empowerment. Recommendations arising from the consultations are also presented. (Copyright 1993, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Toronto Ontario Housing Department Policy and Research Section Refugee Housing Study. Toronto: Toronto Housing Dept, Policy and Research Section, 1992.

This exploratory study documents refugee experiences in finding and securing accommodation in Toronto. The study methodology included retention of associates with links to specific minority communities, an ongoing literature review, interviews with community professionals and advocates, and focus groups with community professionals and refugees. This study report profiles government sponsored refugees and refugee claimants, presents composite case histories to illustrate the range of refugee experiences in finding housing, and summarizes the principal issues emerging from the study. These include lack of coordination of programs and services for refugees, employment and income restrictions, language issues, housing supply, discrimination, and housing quality. The report concludes with recommendations aimed at developing new strategies to improve housing programs and services. Appendices include focus group questions and a contact list. (Copyright American Economic Association 1997; all rights reserved).

Wilson, A.M. Housing Needs and General Well-being of Immigrants and Refugees in Calgary. Ottawa: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 1992.

This research was designed to shed some light on several questions that are of relevance to both resettlement agencies and accommodation suppliers. From June 1991 to February 1992, 337 recently arrived immigrants were administered a survey that examined their housing characteristics, perceived housing needs, satisfaction with their housing and ratings of life satisfaction. The respondents were from diverse regions of the world and had resided in Canada an average of 2.7 years. The findings of this survey are presented in this report. (Copyright 1992, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Young, Margaret. Canada's Refugee Status Determination System. Background paper: Canada. Library of Parliament. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1997.

Although Canada signed the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees in 1969, procedures for determining claims to Convention refugee status made within Canada remained informal and discretionary until the current Immigration Act came into force in 1978. This document looks at Canada's refugee status determination system. Topics covered are: the Immigration and Refugee Board; access to the system; the refugee hearing; landing of rejected refugee claimants; board operations; the safe country concept; and, ongoing issues. (Copyright 1997, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Young, Margaret. Canada's Immigration Program. Background paper, Canada. Library of Parliament Ottawa: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1997.

Are immigration levels too high? Are they high enough? What are the demographic implications of immigration? What settlement services are needed for new immigrants? What should be our policy for refugees? What kinds of immigrants are best for Canada? Needless to say, this paper does not answer these questions; the intention is rather to provide a framework whereby readers may become aware of the scope of the immigration program and background information for what can be a very complex area of law and government policy and administration. (Copyright 1997, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Young, Margaret. The Immigration and Refugee Board: Proposed Changes Background paper, Canada. Library of Parliament. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1995.

On March 2, 1994, the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration announced in the House of Commons two proposals relating to the Immigration and Refugee Board. These are 1) the introduction of legislation to reduce the normal refugee determination panel from two members to one member and 2) the creation of an Advisory Committee to assist in the selection of members for appointment to the board. This document looks at proposed changes to the Immigration and Refugee Board. Topics covered are: changing to one-member refugee panels; appointment of members to the board; and, restructuring investigations and hearings by the refugee division. (Copyright 1995, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).

Young, Margaret. The Convention Refugee Determination Process in Canada : Its Reform. Canada. Library of Parliament. Research Branch. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1988.

This publication reviews international refugee law, the history of immigration law in Canada, and addresses the need for reform, the administrative review, the current situation, interim control measures, and parliamentary action. It contains a chronology highlighting significant events related to this matter. (Copyright 1989, Canadian Research Index, all rights reserved).