5.2.5 Method of saturation

Saturated sandy ground can be made by permeating de-aired fluid into dry sand deposits from the bottom of the container, by using suction force (method 1) or fluid head difference (method 2). Alternatively, one may pour dry sand grains into fluid little by little (method 3). It should be noted in figures for methods 2 and 3 that such a highly viscous fluid as silicone oil and a glycerin-water solution, is used as a substitute for pore water, for the purpose of matching the time scaling of consolidation to that of dynamics.