Detail of cone penetrometer
In the model penetration tests, penetrometers with load cells are used for measuring tip resistance. A penetrometer may be with or without pore water pressure transducer depending on aims of tests. The cone penetrometer consists of a cone and a cylindrical shaft and a cone consists of a conical and cylindrical part. Apex angle of cone used for centrifuge tests is generally 60 oC and diameter of the shaft of the penetrometer used in centrifuge tests is commonly the same as that of base of the cone.
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