Yonatan Reshef
School of Business
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta
T6G 2R6 CANADA
F Late 19th century: Cottage
industry based on casual labor (internal contracting)
F Late 19th century: Larger-scale industry based on work gangs (internal contracting)
F
The 1894-5 (Sino-Japanese) 1905 (Russo-Japanese) wars increase demands for more stable employment patterns; consequently,F
The work-gang system is being replaced by direct employment; a system supported by welfare capitalist efforts (sick pay, pensions, bonuses, compulsory savings plans); and an ideology of "familism"F
The post-1945 era:F
Japan's organizational capacity is destroyedF
Widespread destitutionF
Rapid spread of communist (Sanbetsu) and socialist (Sodomei) sympathiesF
Trade Union Law (1945) - the rights to organize, bargain collectively, and strike are legitimized F Labor Relations Adjustment Law (1946) - mediation, conciliation, and voluntary arbitration are made availableF
Unions' strength increases F The Trade Union Law is revised (1948) - forbids strikes and restricts CB in the public sector; prohibits union use of company premises and acceptance of company financial aidF
The Red Purge (1950) - 12,000 public-sector employees with Communists leanings are purged F 1950 - laying the foundations for the LTE system and its supporting institutions of company unions and seniority based wages, and accompanying rituals (e.g. ringi, shunto)