Most red cell antibodies can react within a large pH range of 5.5 to 8.5, and many appear to react best between 6.5 - 7.5. To maintain a physiologic pH, the isotonic saline used in blood bank tests may be buffered to a pH of about 7.0. The saline used is 0.9% (9 g/L) or 0.154 mol/L (0.154 M).
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