PSYCH 367

Perception

 

 

Perception Websites

 

Introduction to Perception

Bennett Schwartz — website for the textbook coauthor

Sensation and Perception Tutorials — created by the textbook coauthor John Krantz

How does toothpaste work? — lists some general and specific ingredients in toothpaste

What’s Inside: Colgate Whitening Oxygen Bubbles Brisk Mint Toothpaste — doesn’t explain the whole orange juice/bad taste thing

Human Senses — companion website for the BBC TV series

How many senses does a human being have? — HowStuffWorks explores senses beyond the standard list of five

How the Blind Draw — suggests common factors in perception; from Scientific American magazine

What science still doesn’t know about the five senses — episodes from Vox’s Unexplainable podcast about our senses

 

Psychophysical Methods and Signal Detection Theory

Signal Detection Theory — good summary of SDT

Signal Detection Theory and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC Curve) — interactive demo

Signal Detection Theory — another interactive demo

Signal detection theory — and one more interactive demo (use Google Chrome for this)

Popcorn Subliminal Advertising — Snopes debunks James Vicary’s subliminal advertising

The Subliminal Scares — dossier on subliminal stimuli in advertising (archive)

“Subliminal” Advertising — covers the history of so-called subliminal messages in ads

Snopes: Disney — Snopes investigates urban legends about Disney films

Backmasking — backwards messages in music?

Audio reversal in popular culture — more technical explanation; has backward messages (in AIFF format)

 

Neurophysiology

Neuroscience For Kids — great basic information on neuroscience--not just for kids!

Neuropsychology Central — excellent collection of links

Neuron — interactive neuron showing action potential

The Physical Factors Behind the Action Potential — concise summary with animations

The Whole Brain Atlas — see cross-sections of the brain, plus much more

Introductory Biological Psychology Tutorials — very useful for review purposes

Neural manifolds - The Geometry of Behaviour — YouTube video exploring new mathematical approaches to understadning neural coding

Carrot Myth Was A Key Ingredient To Britain's WWII Success — revisits the campaign to cover the development of Airborne Interception Radar

 

Introduction to Vision

Who was Ibn al-Haytham? — describes his life and findings

Vision and Cameras - Ibn al-Haytham — brief video bio

What Are Those Weird Floating Things You Sometimes See In Your Vision? — explains visual “floaters”

Comprehensive Eye Examinations — infographic from the Canadian Association of Optometrists

Optimum HDTV viewing distance — here are simple and complex calculators for finding the optimal screen size/viewing distance

TV Size to Distance Calculator and Science — explains the science behind this field-of-view calculator

Tips for Choosing the Best Sunglasses — gives 8 important tips

Webvision — online book on the organization of the vertebrate retina

Visual Acuity ↔ Hyperacuity — test your visual acuity with a Landolt ring or Vernier grating

Tricks of the eye, wisdom of the brain — explains how lateral inhibition works

Receptive Field Tutorial — with explanations and diagrams

Explore Your Blind Spot — brief online book explains your blind spot

Diffraction — explains this wave properties of light

A Pictorial Introduction to Fourier Analysis — good tutorial on Fourier analysis

Fourier Series Applet — interactive applet demonstrating how sine waves can make up any complex waveform

Make Your Own Campbell-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart — includes stimuli to measure your own CSF (archived)

 

Higher-Level Visual Processes

fMRI In 1000 Words — short and simple introduction to how fMRI works

No Face Like Home — blog about prosopagnosia by someone who has this condition

What are Visual Agnosias? — short descriptions of various agnosias, from the University of Calgary (archived)

visual form agnosia — a simulation of the experience of visual form agnosia

Brain Story: The Mind’s Eye — watch the documentary about vision online

 

Visual Attention

Anne Treisman — online encyclopedia article describing her life and work

Perception in Visualization — discusses preattentive processing in Feature Integration Theory

Where’s Waldo? — official page for the infuriating book series

Demos and Stimuli — videos of change blindness and inattentional blindness, from Daniel Simons’ lab

Examples of Change Blindness — from UBC’s Visual Cognition Lab

Change Blindness — from the Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (with demos)

Counterfeit! — look for the difference between two copies of a painting (like change blindness)

Movie mistakes — you have to overcome change blindness to notice these

Confusing Colors (Stroop Effect) — try this interactive demo (archived)

Video Games and Learning — Dr Daphne Bavelier’s lab page describing her research on video games

 

Object Perception

Visual Dictionary Online — gives you the names for things based on what they look like

I Create Shadow Art From Trash — gallery showing shadow art (demonstrating the inverse projection problem)

50 Incredibly Creative Logos With Hidden Meanings — from Digital Synopsis

Watercolor illusion — many examples and extensive explanation of this illusion

Neuroscientist Answers Illusion Questions From Twitter — Pascal Wallisch, NYU Professor of Psychology and Data Science, answers the internet's burning questions about illusions

Turn Your Head — get your face carved into a piece of wood

The Designer’s Guide to Gestalt Psychology — background and examples, with an eye to implications for design

What is MICR? — Magnetic Ink Character Recognition codes are printed a the bottom of cheques

The Pareidolia Project — faces, or just coincidence? You be the judge! (With more, and more!)

 

The Paranormal

Rhine Research Center — “Bridging the Gap between Science and Spirituality’ by studying parapsychology and extraordinary experiences

The Rhine Research Center — article on one of the world’s oldest and best-known foundations devoted to paranormal study

Extrasensory Perception Test (ESP Test) — online Zener card test: see if you’re psychic!

Advanced ESP Test — if the test above failed to confirm your psychic abilities, try this one instead!

PEAR — online encyclopedia article on the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research lab

Psychic dog phenomenon brought back down to earth — read about Jaytee; from the BBC

How Nostradamus Works — from How Stuff Works

Nostradamus Repository — click on “Random Quatrain” for a prediction and make up your own mind

James Randi Educational Foundation — website for the debunker of paranormal and pseudo-scientific claims

The Skeptic’s Dictionary — reference to all sorts of reputed psychic and unexplained phenomena

 

Colour Perception

Kings of Camouflage — watch this episode of NOVA

Hue-Saturation-Brightness (HSB) Explorer — interactive demo; also see RGB Explorer

Light Waves and Color — online tutorial from PhysicsClassroom.com also has self-test questions

ColoRotate — learn about colour (iPad app also available)

Why The Ancient Greeks Couldn’t See Blue — AsapSCIENCE video on colour names

How paint colors get their names — from Elephant’s Breath to Disco Nap

Metameric Matches — explore metamers with this interactive demo

ColorMatters — how colour affects us physiologically and psychologically

Subtractive Color Mixing and Additive Color Mixing — interactive demos of colour mixing

The First Colour Photographic Image — has a video demonstration of the process

CIE Chromaticity Diagram — interactive demo (Windows app also available)

Commission Internationale de L’Éclairage — official website

Online Color Blindness Simulators — reviews several online filters that simulate the experience of different forms of colour deficiencies

Spanish Castle — interactive colour afterimage--plus tutorial on creating your own [archived]

Induced Contrast Asynchrony — dynamic example of simultaneous contrast with grayscale stimuli

Color illusion — lots of great simultaneous colour contrast spirals by A. Kitaoka (follow him on X/Twitter for more!)

Why Your Brain Confuses Colors — Wired video of neuroscientist David Eagleman explaining #TheDress and other illusions using colour constancy

Square — another example of simultaneous colour contrast (archived)

Color and painting — excellent lecture from Handprint Media

Ishihara test for colour blindness — and more information about colour deficiency

Colour Vision Test — see whether you have protanopia, deuteranopia, or tritanopia (Windows and Android apps also available)

McCollough effect — Warning! May result in extremely long-lasting aftereffects

 

Depth and Size Perception

Depth Perception & Death Prevention: Babies’ Visual Instinct — brief history of the exploration of depth perception

Museum of Illusions — in-person museums in Montreal, Toronto, and more!

Thinky the Dragon — download free printable template from Thinkfun.com, designed in honour of magician Jerry Andrus

The Art of Renaissance Science: Galileo and Perspective — shows the use of perspective in art (archived)

Brunelleschi and the Origin of Linear Perspective — describes the painting of the Baptistry in Florence (archived)

The Story of Community Bridge — a trompe l’oeil illusion (archived)

Some amazing pavement drawing illusions, by artists Julian Beever, Kurt Wenner, Manfred Stader, and Edgar Mueller

Dimensions — 3-D painted art gallery in Vancouver

Illusions & Paradoxes — more illusions from Archimedes’ Laboratory

The Illusions Index — not just a gallery, this site also explains illusions

The Arrow in the Eye — on the psychology of perspective and Renaissance art

Stereo Photography — some examples of “wiggle stereoscopy”

How do you convert a movie to 3D, anyway? — explains how they converted Titanic to 3-D

Perception and The Art of 3D Storytelling — more info on 3-D moviemaking, using Coraline as an example (archived; original here)

Magic Eye® — many single-image random-dot stereograms

Autostereogram — history and explanation of autostereograms

M.C. Escher — see some of the neat artwork by this famous artist

View-Master — Wikipedia article about this classic toy

 

Illusions

Your Thoughts Can Release Abilities beyond Normal Limits — describes research on how expectations can have surprising effects

Best Illusion of the Year Contest — this proves that there are still new illusions to be discovered!

Müller-Lyer — interactive demo of this illusion

Optical Illusions & Visual Phenomena — another good collection of illusions

IllusionWorks — many more illusions, with some explanations

ColorCube — has some colour-based “optical” illusions

Light, Color and Seeing — DIY activities from the Exploratorium®

The moon illusion — short TED-Ed animated video about the moon illusion

The moon illusion — a brief description of the effect (archived)

The Moon Illusion, An Unsolved Mystery — a comprehensive introduction (archived)

Father-Son Scientists Confirm Why Horizon Moon Appears Larger — the Kaufmans’ explanation of the moon illusion

Rail Safety FAQ — rail safety information from Operation Lifesaver Canada (US site here)

 

Motion Perception

Stepping feet — blocks appear to “step” at equiluminance (also see radial version)

Footsteps — another version of the stepping feet, from Stuart Anstis

Structure from motion at equiluminance — change the luminance until the rotating sphere is just moving dots

Breathing Square Illusion — example of the rigidity heuristic in motion perception

Motion Demos — lots of cool motion demos

Wagon-wheel effect — interactive demo of the wagon wheel illusion as shown in class

Wagon Wheel Effect — YouTube video of this motion illusion

Motion Aftereffect — interactive demo of the motion effect with Buddha, as shown in class

BioMotionLab Demos & Experiments — different interactive versions of biological motion that let you manipulate gender, weight, etc.

Uncanny valley clips from YouTube:

Orville Redenbacher TV commercial

I, Robot movie trailer

Mass Effect Andromeda’s animations are getting compared to Pingu, robots and gorillas

The Uncanny Valley — Why are monster-movie zombies so horrifying and talking animals so fascinating? (archived)

Almost too human and lifelike for comfort — blog on the uncanny valley

The undead zoneSlate article on the uncanny valley in video games

Facial Action Coding System (FACS) - A Visual Guidebook — more info on the Ekman & Friesen system for cataloging facial expressions, with video clips of each action

Persistence of Vision — article by Stephen Herbert explains motion perception (archived)

How Movie Projectors Work — from How Stuff Works

The Hobbit’s 48 Frames Per Second Explained — a history of movie frame rates

 

Perception & Action

The mind’s mirror — introduction to research on “mirror neurons”

Mirror Neurons — video clip from NOVA scienceNOW

Mirror Neurons — provocative online paper by V.S. Ramachandran

Mirror Neurons And The Brain In The Vat — V.S. Ramachandran’s “sequel” to his original paper

iCub — website for the open-source iCub cognitive humanoid robotic platform

A Calm Look at the Most Hyped Concept in Neuroscience - Mirror Neurons — Wired magazine article reviews recent research

How the Brain ‘Constructs’ the Outside World" — Scientific American article that argues for a different model that integrates perception and action

 

Audition

Twenty Thousand Hertz — podcast about the stories behind the world’s most recognizable and interesting sounds, including:

Sound 101 (with Bill Nye!)

Sonic Seasoning

Noise Pollution

Voice of Siri

Everything You Should Know About Sound — from Wait But Why

Sound Waves and Music — online tutorial from PhysicsClassroom.com also has self-test questions

Example Sounds -- Psychoacoustics — listen to examples of equal loudness vs. equal amplitude, masking, precedence effect, and more

How Hearing Works — online video from Scientific American

The Interactive Ear — a guide to human hearing

The Elements Of Acoustics And Psychoacoustics — basic physics of sound, and the sound/perception relationship

Acoustics FAQ — informal file of typical questions and answers on acoustical topics

Equal loudness contours and audiometry — test your hearing online and create your personal equal loudness curve

Video animations of traveling waves (.mpg format; view in continuous loop for best results): 250 Hz, 1000 Hz, 4000 Hz

Hearing pitch - right place, wrong time? — compares the competing theories of pitch perception

Listen to what gets lost when an MP3 is made — explanation and audio example based on the first-ever MP3 file, Suzanne Vega’s song, “Tom’s Diner”

QSoundLabs® — demos of QSound technology

Precedence Effect — listen to audio examples of the precedence effect

 

Noise and Hearing Loss

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss — explains the causes of NIHL and how to prevent it

Canadian Tinnitus Foundation — Facebook group

Noise Free America — describes some of the negative social effects of noise

NoiseOFF — the Citizens Coalition Against Noise Pollution

Quiet Communities — working together for a quieter world

Noise Pollution Clearinghouse — the NPC’s slogan is “Good neighbors keep their noise to themselves.”

Quiet! Our Loud World Is Making Us Sick — article from Scientific American describes the serious negative health outcomes caused by noise

Dying for some quiet: The truth about noise pollution — article from New Scientist

Please Get Your Noise Out of My Ears — Freakonomics podcast episode on the effects of noise

Silence, please — article from the APA’s Monitor on Psychology

One Square Inch — website (and book) about noise, and the quietest place in the United States

Mosquito Anti-Teenager Repellent Alarm — formerly called The Mosquito Anti-Loitering Device

Mosquito Ringtones — try to hear tones from 8 kHz to 22 kHz

Warning Signs of Hearing Loss — from Beltone, a hearing aid maker

Hearing Loss Simulator — try this interactive demo of hearing loss to experience what it’s like

Online Hearing Screener — 3-minute online hearing check (or try this online hearing test)

Find An Audiologist.ca — if you have concerns about your hearing, find a local audiologist here

Causes of Hearing Loss — describes different causes and types of hearing loss

Sound Sense — hearing resources for teachers, kids, and parents

Dangerous Decibels — public health campaign against NIHL and tinnitus

Music Making Fans Deaf? — how the iPod generation may be losing its hearing without even knowing it, from Rolling Stone magazine

H.E.A.R. — Hearing Education and Awareness for Rockers--rawk on! (But protect your hearing.) (archived)

Hearing Loss — great FAQ from Musicians’ Clinics of Canada

Etymotic Research, Inc. — quality online seller of earphones and ear protection

Wear It Right — instructions on how to put in earplugs

Protect your ears from noise — Still don’t know how to put in earplugs? Watch this short Consumer Reports video.

12 Hour Sound Machines (no loops or fades) — this Spotify “podcast” just plays variants on white noise, and has been streamed hundreds of millions of times

 

Music Perception

Stem splitter software (separates any audio file into its components, like drums, vocals, bass, etc.):

SplitMySong.com

voice.ai free AI stem splitter

EaseUS AI Stem Splitter

DeMIXER.com

Virtual pianos:

Recursive Arts Virtual Piano

Virtual Piano

OnlinePianist

Maqam World — learn more about the maqam or modal system used in classical Arabic music

Bouncing Off The Walls — article on concert hall design, from Lingua Franca magazine

The Institute for Music & Brain Science — advancing knowledge about the neurobiological foundations of music

Science and Art Converge in Concert Hall Acoustics — article on design and sound in concert halls

ZLab — researcher Robert Zatorre’s Auditory Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory

The Music Instinct: Science & Song — companion website for the PBS special

How music affects the brain — article on how Canadian researchers lead the way in understanding the neurological, psychological and cognitive basis of music

The Mozart Effect® — author Don Campbell’s website on The Mozart Effect®

Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major — listen to this Mozart piece--will it make you more intelligent?

The Mozart Effect — interactive look at TME and intelligence

Mozart effect — a more...scientific look at TME, from the Skeptic’s Dictionary

This Is Your Brain On Music — companion website to Daniel Levitin’s book

Musicophilia — companion website to Oliver Sacks’ book Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain

 

Synesthesia

Myth or Science: The Secrets of Our SensesThe Nature of Things episode on multisensory/cross-modal perception

Synesthesia (Boing Boing remix) — video shown in class (full version is Red Mondays and Gemstone Jalapeños: The Synesthetic World)

The Synesthesia Battery — online test for synesthesia

Are You A Synesthete? 7 Synesthesia Tests to Find It Out — or try this quick self-test

Richard E. Cytowic — official homepage of the author of Synesthesia: A union of the senses

Do you see what they see? — article on synesthesia from Discover magazine

Everyday fantasia: The world of synesthesia — from Monitor on Psychology magazine

Music Animation Machine — gives visual experience of music

American Synesthesia Association — hosts an annual conference on synesthesia

Multisense Synaesthesia Toolkit — has a range of information on synesthesia

The Frog Who Croaked Blue — companion website for the book

 

The Cutaneous Senses

Why Physical Touch Matters for Your Well-Being — interview with touch researcher Tiffany Field

Why Light Touching Can Double Your Chances of Getting a Date — try this one weird trick!

Proxemics: How to Use the 4 Zones in ANY Social Situation — explains proxemics with lots of examples

Making public spaces safe after COVID-19 lockdown — explains social distancing in light of the pandemic

Professor hacks into nervous system — chip implant is designed to determine neural code

Intro to Vestibular System — explains the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular sense

The Neuroscience of Touch and Pain — online article from BrainFacts.org discusses the neural structures that mediate our experience of touch and pain

Liquid Trust — purported “social pheromone” spray

The Gate Control Model Opens a New Era in Pain Research — online exhibit from UCLA’s Biomedical Library (archived)

Ronald Melzack: Pain Pioneer — McGill University video about Melzack

Gate Control Theory of Pain — YouTube video with multiple choice questions

From Ramachandran’s Notebook — read about phantom limb pain at PBS Online

 

Gustation

Gastropod — podcast about food through the lens of science and history; some relevant topics:

Savor Flavor

Hacking Taste

The Bitter Truth

The Curiously Strong Story of Mint

A matter of taste — article about Prof. Linda Bartoshuk and her research on taste

Tasty — book on the art and science of what we eat

McCormick Science Institute — researching the health effects of herbs and spices

Taste Disorders — a description from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders

Challenging the Tongue Taste Map — shows how E.G. Boring misinterpreted earlier data

Peak Umami? — Wired explores the “fifth taste”

Society for Research on Umami Taste — professional organization for scientists studying umami

Umami--Our Fifth Taste — from the (probably completely unbiased) Glutamate Association

Why does orange juice taste bad after you brush your teeth? — an answer at last

A Tiny Fruit That Tricks the TongueNew York Times article on miracle fruit

Miracle fruit is available from Miracle Frooties, MiraBerry.ca, and Amazon.ca

Google Doodle for Wilbur Scoville’s 151st birthday — has online game!

Chile Heat Scale — describes Scoville Units for chili peppers

Superhot “Dragon’s Breath” Chili Pepper Can Kill. Here’s How — article on this spicy pepper (but Pepper X is now the world’s hottest!)

Some bravery as a side dish — here are 7 foods that truly require a fearless stomach

What Chili Peppers Can Teach Us about Pain — interview with 2021 Nobel Prize winner David Julius

 

Olfaction

Flavor: The Science of our Most Neglected Sense — book written by Edmontonian Bob Holmes

What the Nose Knows — book on “the science of scent in everyday life” by Avery Gilbert

How COVID-19 Causes Loss of Smell — describes research on SARS-CoV2

How to smell train — smell training can help recover a lost sense of smell

The Wine Aroma Wheel — order one from this website...

Wine aromas — ...or check out this free one

Monell Chemical Senses Center — independent scientific institute doing research on the senses of taste, smell, and chemosensory irritation

Reclaiming the Fifth SenseProof podcast episode giving a first-hand account of anosmia by writer Molly Birnbaum

Scents and sensibility — article about the effects of olfaction on cognition, emotion, and even other senses, from the APA Monitor on Psychology

Why Asparagus Makes Your Urine Smell — this article is about...well, it’s self-explanatory

What’s That I Smell? — article on the claims of aromatherapy, from Skeptical Inquirer magazine online