Anthony, Sylvia, The Discovery of Death in Childhood and After (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1973), p. 138. [to discussion]
Anthony, p. 102. Bernard was irrationally fearful of policemen and of God. [to discussion]
Bowlby, John, Attachment and Loss, 3 vols., Vol. 3: Sadness and Depression (New York: Basic Books, 1980), pp. 288-94, 364-65.
Bowlby argues that guilt in the bereaved child is due not so much to the child's hostile wishes as to the way the family treats the child. Bowlby also argues that the concept of death can be acquired earlier than Nagy or Anthony suppose (pp. 273-74); but the cultural and family contexts described by Nagy and Anthony seem closer to Coleridge's experience than the studies drawn on by Bowlby. [to discussion]
Freud, Sigmund, The Ego and the Id, in Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 19: 52. [to discussion]
Freud, Sigmund, "The Uncanny," in Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 17:2 40.
Freud's point is related to his central claim that earlier stages of thought always possess the potential for reinstatement: "the primitive mind is, in the fullest meaning of the word, imperishable." See "Thoughts for the Times on War and Death," Standard Edition, 14: 286. [to discussion]
Freud, Sigmund, The Interpretation of Dreams, Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 5: 490.
This is the aspect of dream work that Freud called "secondary revision." [to discussion]
Freud, Sigmund, The Ego and the Id, Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 19: 53.
In Freud's terms this is conceived as the rage of the super-ego against the ego, "a pure culture of the death instinct," which in a certain personality type (prone to a narcissistic choice of love object) is in danger of ending in suicide. Cf. "Mourning and Melancholia," Standard Edition, 14: 252. [to discussion]
Freud, Sigmund, "Beyond the Pleasure Principle," Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 18: 31-32. [to discussion]
See also "Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety," Standard Edition, 20: 166-67.
Freud, "Beyond the Pleasure Principle," Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 18: 35-36. [to discussion]
Freud, "New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis," Standard Edition, trans. James Strachey, 22 vols. (London: Hogarth Press, 1953-1974), 22: 29. [to discussion]
Hilgard, Josephine R., Newman, Martha F., and Fisk, Fern, "Strength of Adult Ego following Childhood Bereavement," in Robert Fulton, ed., Death and Identity (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1965), p. 259. [to discussion]
Lifton, Robert Jay, Death in Life: The Survivors of Hiroshima (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1971), p. 508. [to discussion]
Lifton, p. 28. [to discussion]
Lifton, pp. 42, 56. [to discussion]
Lifton, pp. 56-57. [to discussion]
Lifton, p. 61. [to discussion]
Lifton, p. 119. [to discussion]
Nagy, Maria N., "The Child's View of Death," in Herman Feifel, ed., The Meaning of Death (New York: McGraw Hill, 1959). [to discussion]
Wahl, C. W., "The Fear of Death," in Herman Feifel, ed., The Meaning of Death (New York: McGraw Hill, 1959), pp. 23-25. [to discussion]