Sulla's Victory

Sulla invades Italy in 83
Many senators go over to him
The anti-Sullan magistrates are the "legitimate" government
Marius' young son elected consul for 82
Sulla's veteran troops superior to newly raised units of loyalists
Sulla triumphs at Colline Gate (outside Rome)
Marius commits suicide
Holdout loyalists (including consul) hunted down
Sulla elected dictator
- Office not used in more than century
- No time limit
- "for restoring the state"
Bloodbath regularized as formal list of enemies
- "Proscription"
- Those listed could be killed with impunity
- Property of proscribed confiscated

Strips tribunes of powers
Increases # of magistrates
- Eight praetors
- 20 quaestors
Restores courts to senate
Tries to return control of political system to senate
- Can't undo own precedent of using military force to get his way in politics
V. vindictive
- Helps friends
- Kills enemies
Confiscated land to veterans
Sulla resigns as dictator in 79, soon dies
Sulla's heritage determines political parties for rest of Republic
- Many revere him for benefits or success
- Many embittered by his vindictivenesss
- Populares opposed to Sulla's arrangments

Champions those discontent with Sullan settlement
Opposed by Q.Lutatius Catulus cos. 78
- Son of consular colleague and later bitter enemy of Marius
- Upholder of Sullan settlement
Takes up cause of rural rebels to n. of Rome
- Poorly organized forces of rural troublemakers no match for proper army
Catulus sends Pompey as legate against Lepidus
- Pompey son of cos. 89, who was major player in civil war of 87
- As young man, Pompey "illegally" raised army for Sulla in his invasion of Italy
- Pompey sent by Sulla in 82 to subdue Sicily, Africa
- Executed consul of 82
Pompey easily disposes of Lepidus
Refuses to disband army, extorts command in Spain from senate
- Troops remain loyal to general in dispute with "legitimate gov."

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